Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
man of Un - Freedom
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.
In October 2010, the Human Rights Council adopted resolution 15/21 establishing the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association for an initial period of three years.
A set of key principles on the role of lawyers in upholding the rights to freedom of assembly and association but also a non-exhaustive list of practical recommendations for lawyers, aimed at supporting them in their work to provide access to justice in the context of peaceful assemblies.
Mr. Clément Nyaletsossi VouleMandate of the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of associationPalais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10Switzerland
Freedom of opinion and expression are, indeed, cornerstones of human rights and pillars of free and democratic societies. These freedoms support other fundamental rights, such as to peaceful assembly, to participate in public affairs, and to freedom of religion. It is undeniable that digital media, including social media, have bolstered the right to seek, receive and impart information and ideas. Therefore, legislative efforts to regulate free expression unsurprisingly raise concerns that attempts to curb hate speech may silence dissent and opposition.
But the threats to the freedom of journalists and media workers are growing by the day. From global health to the climate crisis, corruption and human rights abuses, they face increased politicization of their work and attempts to silence them from many sides.
This is the starting point of his new book, Unfreedom of the Press. The media, Levin writes, constitute "a profession whose members form a class or aristocracy of strident, pretentious, arrogant, and self-righteously superior individuals, rarely capable of circumspection or improvement."
According to the FDA, for something to be marketed as cheese, most of its makeup has to be cheese, not filler. Otherwise, it is generally called "cheese product." If there were similar rules for books, Unfreedom of the Press would have to be sold as "book product."
This can be put down to a few factors, including the presidential endorsement, the approach of Father's Day, and Levin's pre-publication rounds on the talk shows. On his radio program, Levin has marketed the book as a way to stick it to the media, to get a book "exposing" The New York Times onto the The New York Times bestseller list. In this framing, Unfreedom of the Press is little more than a free gift with purchase. What people are actually buying is not a book but a message to the Times and the media at large. And the message, to use a favored Levin phrase, is "SCREW YOU."
The African tree of liberty was not just metaphorical. From the Caribbean to Brazil to Ecuador-Colombia, maroon communities associated food-producing trees such as tamarind (Tamarindus indica) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) with freedom. A cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) in the center of Freetown, Sierra Leone, became mnemonically associated with both the slave trade and the homecoming of freed slaves from North America.
This year, December 10 also marks the launch of a year-long campaign for the 50th anniversary of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Together with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, these two covenants form the International Bill of Human Rights. This campaign will highlight the value of freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.
3 May acts as a reminder to governments of the need to respect their commitment to press freedom and is also a day of reflection among media professionals about issues of press freedom and professional ethics. Just as importantly, World Press Freedom Day is a day of support for media which are targets for the restraint, or abolition, of press freedom. It is also a day of remembrance for those journalists who lost their lives in the pursuit of a story.
Every year, 3 May is a date which celebrates the fundamental principles of press freedom, to evaluate press freedom around the world, to defend the media from attacks on their independence and to pay tribute to journalists who have lost their lives in the exercise of their profession. World Press Freedom Day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 1993 following a Recommendation adopted at the twenty-sixth session of UNESCO's General Conference in 1991. This in turn was a response to a call by African journalists who in 1991 produced the landmark Windhoek Declaration.
Eternity arises from inevitability like a ghost from a corpse. The capitalist version of the politics of inevitability, the market as a substitute for policy, generates economic inequality that undermines belief in progress. As social mobility halts, inevitability gives way to eternity, and democracy gives way to oligarchy. An oligarch spinning a tale of an innocent past, perhaps with the help of fascist ideas, offers fake protection to people with real pain. Faith that technology serves freedom opens the way to his spectacle. As distraction replaces concentration, the future dissolves in the frustrations of the present, and eternity becomes daily life. The oligarch crosses into real politics from a world of fiction, and governs by invoking myth and manufacturing crisis. In the 2010s, one such person, Vladimir Putin, escorted another, Donald Trump, from fiction to power.
Khizr Khan is a Gold Star father and founder of the Constitution Literacy and National Unity Center. He is a prominent advocate for the rule of law and religious freedom and served on the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom under President Biden.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought and expression. This right includes freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing, in print, in the form of art, or through any other medium of one's choice
Because the concept of negative freedom concentrates on the externalsphere in which individuals interact, it seems to provide a betterguarantee against the dangers of paternalism and authoritarianismperceived by Berlin. To promote negative freedom is to promote theexistence of a sphere of action within which the individual issovereign, and within which she can pursue her own projects subjectonly to the constraint that she respect the spheres of others.Humboldt and Mill, both advocates of negative freedom, compared thedevelopment of an individual to that of a plant: individuals, likeplants, must be allowed to grow, in the sense of developing their ownfaculties to the full and according to their own inner logic. Personalgrowth is something that cannot be imposed from without, but must comefrom within the individual.
Is it necessary to refer to internal constraints in order to makesense of the phenomena of oppression and structural injustice? Somemight contest this view, or say that it is true only up to a point,for there are at least two reasons for thinking that the oppressed arelacking in negative liberty. First, while Berlin himself equatedeconomic and social disadvantages with natural disabilities, claimingthat neither represented constraints on negative liberty but only onpersonal abilities, many theorists of negative liberty disagree: if Ilack the money to buy a jacket from a clothes shop, then any attempton my part to carry away the jacket is likely to meet with preventiveactions or punishment on the part of the shop keeper or the agents ofthe state. This is a case of interpersonal interference, not merely ofpersonal inability. In the normal circumstances of a market economy,purchasing power is indeed a very reliable indicator of how far otherpeople will stop you from doing certain things if you try. It istherefore strongly correlated with degrees of negative freedom (Cohen1995, 2011; Waldron 1993; Carter 2007; Grant 2013). Thus, while thepromotion of content-neutral positive liberty might imply the transferof certain kinds of resources to members of disadvantaged groups, thesame might be true of the promotion of negative liberty. Second, thenegative concept of freedom can be applied directly to disadvantagedgroups as well as to their individual members. Some social structuresmay be such as to tolerate the liberation of only a limited number ofmembers of a given group. G.A. Cohen famously focused on the caseproletarians who can escape their condition by successfully setting upa business of their own though a mixture of hard work and luck. Insuch cases, while each individual member of the disadvantaged groupmight be negatively free in the sense of being unprevented fromchoosing the path of liberation, the freedom of the individual isconditional on the unfreedom of the majority of the rest of the group,since not all can escape in this way. Each individual member of theclass therefore partakes in a form of collective negative unfreedom(Cohen 1988, 2006; for discussion see Mason 1996; Hindricks 2008;Grant 2013; Schmidt 2020). 2ff7e9595c
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